A prospective analysis of factors influencing fluoroscopy time during therapeutic ERCP

Panagiotis Katsinelos; Anthi Gatopoulou; Stergios Gkagkalis; Kostas Fasoulas; Athanasios Beltsis; Christos Zavos; Sotiris Terzoudis; Georgia Lazaraki; Grigoris Chatzimavroudis; Ioannis Vasiliadis; Jannis Kountouras

Authors Panagiotis Katsinelos, Anthi Gatopoulou, Stergios Gkagkalis, Kostas Fasoulas, Athanasios Beltsis, Christos Zavos, Sotiris Terzoudis, Georgia Lazaraki, Grigoris Chatzimavroudis, Ioannis Vasiliadis, Jannis Kountouras.

Abstract

Background Fluoroscopy time (FT) in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has a linear relationship with radiation exposure to endoscopist, personnel and patients. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the factors influencing the FT during ERCP.

Patients and Methods Between January 2010 and August 2011, patients with naÃ¯ve papilla undergoing therapeutic ERCP were included in the study. Patient and procedural factors affecting fluoroscopy duration were investigated.

Results During the study period 549 ERCP records were included in the final analysis. The mean procedural time and FT were 19.53Â±7.61 min and 48.82Â±26.43 sec, respectively. There was no effect of age or gender on FT. Univariate analysis showed choledocholithiasis (+17.92 sec; 95%CI: 12.73-23.11, p<0.001), multiple stones (+21.21 sec; 95%CI: 14.31-30.35, p<0.001), stone size >10 mm (+27.514 sec; 95%CI: 16.62-35.71; p<0.001), precut technique (+12.46 sec; 95%CI: 6.32-18.60; p<0.001), periampullary diverticulum (+33.36 sec; 95%CI: 28.49-38.23; p<0.001), mechanical lithotripsy (+31.14 sec; 95%CI: 24.67-37.61; p<0.001) and mechanical lithotripsy plus stent placement (+42.41 sec; 95%CI: 31.93-52.89; p<0.001) to be associated with longer FT. Multivariate analysis identified choledocholithiasis (+13.24 sec; 95%CI: 4.44-22.04; p=0.003), multiple stones (+19.51 sec; 95%CI: 11.72-26.78; p<0.001), stone size >10 mm (+23.95 sec; 95%CI: 14.35-29.45; p<0.001), needle-knife papillotomy (+17.26 sec; 95%CI: 7.77-26.75; p<0.001), periampullary diverticulum (+21.99 sec; 95%CI: 17.81-26.16; p<0.001) and mechanical lithotripsy plus stent placement (+20.39 sec; 95%CI: 7.38-33.40; p=0.002) to prolong FT.

Conclusions The identified factors influencing the FT may help endoscopists take appropriate precautions during ERCP to significantly decrease FTs.

Keywords endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, fluoroscopy time